Means for starting and reversing internal-combustion engines.



F. & E. CARTER. MEANS FOR STARTING AND REVERSING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES. APPLICATION F1LED NOV. 20, I9I8- l ,298,4:55 Patented Mar. 25, 1919.

n m .mflmg by -ED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK CARTER AND EVERSHED CARTER, OF STAMFORD, ENGLAND, ASSIGNORS OF ONE-THIRD TO GEORGE MILLS BLACKSTONE, 0F STAMFORD, ENGLAND.

MEANS FOR STARTING AND REVERSING INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we FRANK CARTnn and Evnn snnn CARTER, sub ects of. the King of Great Britain, and both residents of Stem-'- air for starting, and in which during starting the engineworks on a two-stroke cycle,

andthen 1s chan ed over to a four-stroke cycle, and the said invention has for its ob' ject the provision of simple and eflicient means for starting and for reversing such en ines.

ccording to our invention we provide a double set of levers, the first-set beingoperated by means of cams in the usual manner. The second set which actuates the vari ous valves, fuel pump and the like are operated from the first set by a series of plungers or distance pieces. These plungers are arranged in two sets, the one appro mate for operating the valves for starting t e engine-and the other for operating the valves for Working after the change over to the four-stroke cycle has been made.

The plungers are conveniently mounted in a rock shaft, at right angles to the axis of said shaft, one set being arranged at a suitable angle to the other set, in such a manner that by turning the rock shaft either set can be brought" to the operative position, or the rock shaft can be turnedto a neutral position in which neither set of plungers is operative.

When it is desired to provide for starting the engine in either direction, two sets of operating cams are used and means are provided for moving the cam bowls out of the path-of one set into the path of the other set. Cams may also be fixed on the rock shaft to hold the exhaust valve or valves open, when the rock shaft is turned to bring Specification of ietters Patent.

Patented Mar. 25, 1919.

Application filed November 20, 1918. Serial No. 263,300.

Fig. 2 is an isonietrical view of our valve gear applied to a single cylinder engine of the Diesel or semi-Diesel type, starting on compressed air admitted at every out stroke p and then subsequently working on the four stroke cycle.

Fig. 3 is a sectionalview illustrating a detail.

a, a a, a, a a".is a series of levers plV- oted on a fulcrum shaft a and carrying bowls b b 12 b", I), 6 adapted to be actuated by the earns a, 0; d, d"; e. e; 7, f; g, g; h, h on the cam shaft 0 which revolves at half the crankshaft speed.

The cams c, d, e, f, g, h are for forward running and the cams c, d, e, 7", g, h for backward running. 11 is a rock shaft carrying the starting olungers i, i and the running plungers i 2", i 2'.

The rock shaft is hollow and the plungers have flats 11 formed on them against which press spring washersz' Fig. 3, arranged between the plungers in order to hold them in position, and prevent them droppingout.

2' is a cam on the rockshaft for holding the exhaust valve open when the shaft is neutral, 2'. e., with both sets of plungers out of action. 1' j 3', 7' 9' is a second series of levers operated by the lungers, and actuating the-push rods k lxi for the exhaust valve, the fuel injecting air valve, the fuel pump, and the starting air valve respectively. Z is a handle for turning the rock shaft shown in the neutral position in Fig. 2, an m is a retaining collar on the fulcrum valve, and I0 I0 lc",k for the working air shaft a which, when the handle '1 is neutral, A

is adapted to pass b a recess Z in the flange l on the rock sha t lever boss Z allowing.

the fulcrum shaft i with its levers to be moved tothe right or left by means of the knob m. The flange Z retains the shaft and levers in position when the lever Z is moved out of neutral. .A catch, not shown, in the handle Z engages a hole Z for holdingthe rock shaft in its start position, or a hole 1 for holding it in the running position. at is a rod connecting the handle Z with a lever 0 which, when the handle s in its lower position, holds open the control valve fc 1' admitting compressed air to the cy inder starting valve.

The series of levers operated by the cams is so constructed that the cam bowls fall away from the cam shaft of their own Wide enough to engage the plungerswith the weight when the-trock shaft is neutral so' as to allow them tobemoved axially clear of the cams. Both sets of levers are formed with curved' faces a, 9' and the plungers have rounded endsto give them a lead when the rock shaftjis moved into the start or work positions. 'The curved faces a, j? are levers ,ineeitherposition. What we ;jc1aim is '1. Ina valve gear for internal combustion ngines. of thelkj ind specified, the combination of -,a series of cam-operated levers, a series of cams for operating the levers, a second series of levers actuated from the first series by plungersj said plungers, and means for-movlng theplungers in and out of engagement with the levers. In a valve 1gear for internal combustion engines of t e kind specified, the combination of a series of cam-operated levers,

a series of came for operating the levers, a

second; series of levers actuated from the first-series by plungers/sa d plungers, a rock shaft carrying said plungers, and means for turning the rock, shaft to move the plungers in and out 'ofengagement with the levers; I 3. In aWalVe/gear for. internalcombusvtion engines of thekind specified,,the com- .bination of a series of cam-operated levers, a series of cams for operatlng the levers, a

Second series of levers actuated from the first series a rock shaft, two setsof plun ers passingtransversely through the rock Ehaft, one ,setbeing arranged at an angle ,to

the othersenandj means for turning theroek p Y levers in either position to which they have shaftto bring eitherset of plungersii'n' line neither set is in the operativeposition 15 4.111 a valve gear for internal combufstion-engines of the kind specified, the combination; of a, Series of ,QMIl-OPQIaiLfid levers, I zaseries; of camelfor operating the levers,.a

second1 series ,of levers actuated from the e first series, .a.,ro ck shaft,:two sets of ,plungers passing-transversely through the rock shaft,---one; set being arranged at anangle to the other set, and means for turning the ri-rock shaft to bring either set of plungers.

in iline with the two series of levers to form the operative. connection between, said two series of levers, or to varrange the plungers so that neither setiis in the operative position,and a cam on the rock shaft serving to hold up the leverthat controls the-exhaust valve whentheplungers are in theneu-tral position. I I v 1,

5. In a valve gear for internalcombustion engines of the kind specified, the com- ,bination of a series of cam-operated levers,

second series .of'levers actuated from the first series, a rock shaft,two sets-of plungers passingtransversely through the rock shaft, one set being arranged at anangle' a series of cams for, operating the levers, a

tothe other set, means for turning the rock of levers, or to arrange the plungers so" that neither set is inlthe operative position*,;"a' double set of cams for operating the first series of levers, and means for 'sliding 's'aid cam-operated levers laterally to bring them into position for operation byeither setl'of cams.

I 6, In a valve gear for internal combustion engines of the kind specified, the conibination of a series ofcam-oper'ated levers,

a series of camsflfor'operatingithe levers,'a( second series oflevers actuated from thefir st series, a rock shaft, two sets of plungers passing transversely through the rock shaft, one set being arranged at an' angle to the other set, means for turning therock shaftto bring either set Offplungers in line I with the two series oflevers to form the operative ,conneetion between said two series of levers, or to arrangethe plungers s'othat neither, set is in the operativeposition, 'a'

double set of'.-cams.for operating the first series of levers, means for sliding said camoperated levers laterallyto bring them into position for operation by either setof cams, and means for. retaining the cam-operated been moved] I 101 ".tionenginesl'of the kindspecified, the cbm- Ibina-tion of a series of cam-operated levers,

,a series of, cams for operating the levers, asecond series of levers actuated from the first seri s, a rock shaft, two sets of plungers {passing transversely through the rock shaft,

one: set beingarrangedj at an angle to the other set, means for turning the rock shaft teth ring either set of plungers in line with 1 the two seriesof levers to form the operative connection between said twoseries of levers,

or ;to arrange ,thee plungers so that neither se-tfis in the operative position, a starting air control valve, and meansconnected with i the rock shaft for operating said air controlvalve when therock shaft is turned. a

[FRANK CARTER: I s -fiEV ERS HEDGARTER. Witnesses! I i i v I JOSEPH WILLIAM BELTON, ,Pnnor AITKEN. 

